Leading in times of uncertainty: Early childhood directors navigating the COVID-19 pandemic


Abstract views: 500 / PDF downloads: 300

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37291/2717638X.202451296

Keywords:

Early childhood leadership, Adaptive leadership, Strengths-based leadership

Abstract

Early childhood (EC) directors played a critical role in the successful operation of childcare centers during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Directors were responsible for adhering to health and safety protocols and caring for the well-being of their staff, children, and families. Due to the need to remain open for other first responders’ families, Directors were challenged with fluctuating numbers of staff and children, and in other cases, they were tasked with transitioning their programs online to serve children. This study examines 10 US EC Directors’ perspectives and leadership experiences during the Pandemic. From interviews with the participants, themes emerged to illustrate how EC Directors utilized adaptive leadership skills and strengths-based leadership. Findings from this study are beneficial not only to understand how EC Directors led during the Pandemic, but also which skills, resources, and supports are necessary for future times of crises and challenging times. This article offers recommendations for researchers, policymakers, and other decision-makers on how best to support EC Directors in future times of uncertainty.

References

Afifi, T. D., Basigner, E. D., & Kam, J. A. (2020). The extended theoretical model of communal coping: Understanding the properties and functionality of communal coping. Journal of Communication, 70(3), 424 – 446. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqaa006

Akter, R., Hossain, A., Al-Amin, M., Alam, Md. A., & Uddin, M. (2021). Empirical Study on strength-based leadership and sustainable employment in a mediated model. Bangladesh Economia, July-December, 70–81. https://www.icab.org.bd/publication/news/5/213/Empirical-Study-on-Strength-based-Leadership-and-Sustainable-Employment-in-a-Mediated-Model

Bagwell, J. (2020). Leading through a Pandemic: Adaptive leadership and purposeful action. Journal of School Administration Research and Development, S1(5), 30-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32674/jsard.v5iS1.2781

Barajas-Gonzalez, R.G. (2021). Early care and education workforce stress and needs in a restrictive, anti-immigrant climate. Urban Institute. https://www.urban.org/research/publication/early-care-and-education-workforce-stress-and-needs-restrictive-anti-immigrant-climate

Bigras, N., Lemay, L., Lehrer, J., Charron, A., Duval, S., Robert-Mazaye, C., & Laurin, I. (2021). Early childhood educators’ perceptions of their emotional state, relationships with parents, challenges, and opportunities during the early stage of the pandemic. Early Childhood Education Journal, 49(5), 775-787. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-021-01224-y

Bolman, L.G., & Deal, T.E. (2013). Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice, and leadership (5th ed.). Jossey-Bass

Brantlinger, E., Jimenez, R., Klingner, J., Pugach, M., & Richardson, V. (2005). Qualitative studies in special education. Exceptional Children, 71(2), 195–207. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/001440290507100205

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Craw, E.S., & Bevan, J.L. (2022). Ambiguous loss, stress, communal coping, and resilience: A mixed-methods analysis of K-12 teachers’ experiences and interpersonal communication during the COVID-19 pandemic. Communication Education, 4(71), 286-304. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03634523.2022.2104331

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design choosing among five approaches. SAGE Publications, Inc.

Ding, H., & Yu, E. (2020). Follower strengths-based leadership and follower innovative behavior: The roles of core self-evaluations and psychological well-being. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 36(2), 103–110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5093/jwop2020a8

Dunn, R. (2020). Adaptive leadership: Leading through complexity. In International Studies in Educational Administration, 48(1), 31-38.

Guido, F., Chávez, A., & Lincoln, Y. (2010). Underlying Paradigms in student affairs research and practice. Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice, 47(1), 1–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2202/1949-6605.6017

Haron, M.Z., Alias, N., Hashim, S.N.A., Suhaila, C.N., & Azhan, A. (2022). Adaptive leadership: Leading the change of the COVID-19 endemic era. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 4(7), 40-47.

Heifetz, R.A., Grashow, A., & Linksy, M. (2009). The practice of adaptive leadership: Tools and tactics for changing your organization and the world. Harvard Business Press.

Jalongo, M.R. (2022). Introduction to the volume. In Pattnaik, J. & Jalongo, M.R. (Eds.), The Impact of COVID-19 on Early Childhood Education and Care: International Perspectives, Challenges, and Responses (pp. 3 – 13). Springer.

King, J.A., Holmes, M.R., Evans, K., Bender, A.E., & King-White, D. (2023). Introducing a novel intervention, CoHealing, to address teacher burnout and indirect trauma. OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine, 3(8), 036. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.icm.2303036

Kirby, G., Douglass, A., Lyskawa, J., Jones, C., & Malone, L. (2021). Understanding leadership in early care and education: A literature review. OPRE Report 2021-02. Washington, D.C.: Office of Planning, Research, and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/documents/opre/understanding-leadership-ECE-march-2021.pdf

Lamb, B., Clutton, N., & Carson-Stevens, A. (2014). Strength-based leadership for developing and sustaining interprofessional collaborative practice. In D. Forman, M. Jones, & J. Thistlethwaite (Eds.), Leadership Development for Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice (pp. 69–84). Palgrave Macmillan UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137363022_5

Linsky, M., & Lawrence, J. (2011). Adaptive challenges for school leadership. In H.O’ Sullivane & Burnham, J.W. (Eds.) Leading and Managing Schools (pp 3-15). Sage DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446288870.n1

Logan, H., McFarland, L., & Cumming, T. (2021). Supporting educator well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: A case study of leadership in early childhood education and care organisations. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 46(4), 309-321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/18369391211040940

MacKie, D. (2014). The effectiveness of strength-based executive coaching in enhancing full range leadership development: A controlled study. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 66(2), 118–137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/cpb0000005

Mcnae, R. (2015). Appreciating young women and their leadership: A strength-based approach to leadership development with high school student leaders. Planning & Changing, 46(3/4), 469–485.

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2013). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook. Sage

Movahedazarhouligh, S., Banerjee, R., & Luckner, J. (2022). Leadership development and system building in early childhood education and care: Current issues and recommendations. Early Years, 43 (4-5), 1045-1059. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09575146.2022.2047899

Nagasawa, M. K. (2022). Who’s there for the directors?. Straus Center for Young Children and Families. https://educate.bankstreet.edu/sc/11

Nagasawa, M., & Tarrant, K. (2020). Who will care for the early care and education workforce: COVID-19 and the need to support early childhood educators’ emotional well-being. New York Early Childhood Professional Development Institute, CUNY. https://educate.bankstreet.edu/sc/1

National Association for the Education of Young Children (2020). Unifying Framework for the Early Childhood Education Profession. http://powertotheprofession.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Power-to-Profession-Framework-03312020-web.pdf

National Center on Parent, Family, and Community Engagement. (2020). Guidance for Supervisors: Using a Strengths-based Approach. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Head Start Early Childhood Learning and Knowledge Center. https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/publication/guidance-supervisors-using-strengths-based-approach

Orr, T., & Cleveland-Innes, M. (2015). Appreciative Leadership: Supporting education innovation. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 16(4), 235-241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v16i4.2467

Pedroso, J. E. P., Siason, Jr., N. D., & Tangco-Siason, A. (2021). Principal’s leadership practices during the COVID 19 pandemic: An exploratory study. International Journal of Arts and Humanities Studies, 1(1), 76- 87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32996/ijahs.2021.1.1.12

Petriwskyj, A. (2013). Reflections on talk about natural disasters by early childhood educators and directors. Australian Journal of Communication, 40(1), 87-101.

Rath, T., & Conchie, B. (2008). Strengths based leadership: Great leaders, teams, and why people follow. Gallup Press.

Rodríguez, I., Kozusznik, M.W., Peiró, J.M., & Tordera, N. (2018). Individual, co-active and collective coping and organizational stress: A longitudinal study. European Management Journal, 37(1), 86-98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2018.06.002

Spiva, L., Hedenstrom, L., Ballard, N., Buitrago, P., Davis, S., Hogue, V., Box, M., Taasoobshirazi, G., & Case-Wirth, J. (2021). Nurse leader training and strength-based coaching: Impact on leadership style and resiliency. Nursing Management, 52(10), 42-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NUMA.0000792024.36056.c0

Suter, W.N. (2012). Introduction to Educational Research: A Critical Thinking Approach. Sage DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483384443

Ting, Y.-K., & Yang, H. (2021). The concept and research of principal strength-based leadership and its implications. Journal of Education Research, (324), 79–94.

Tollman, P., Keenan, P., Mingardon, S., Dosik, D., Rizvi, S., & Hurder, S. (2021). Getting smart about change management. In Mastering the Science of Organizational Change (pp. 79 – 100). De Gruyter. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110697834-008

Willig, C. (2013). Introducing qualitative research in psychology. McGraw-Hill.

Downloads

Published

2024-02-10

How to Cite

Movahedazarhouligh, S., & Jones, M. (2024). Leading in times of uncertainty: Early childhood directors navigating the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Childhood, Education & Society, 5(1), 89–103. https://doi.org/10.37291/2717638X.202451296